Accessibility digest

Contents

Synopsis
PageChristopher S. Murphy;Democratic;Connecticut
URLhttps://chrismurphy.com/
Test date2024/09/22
Score3332
Configuration
Redirectionspermitted
Tool isolationno
Report format(s)standard
Requester
Devicedefault
Browser typewebkit
Reduced motionnot requested
Tested byTestaro, procedure senate2024
Scored byTestilo, procedure tsp50
Digested byTestilo, procedure tdp50
Full report 240915T1658-ikz-05.json

Introduction

How accessible is the Christopher S. Murphy;Democratic;Connecticut web page at https://chrismurphy.com/?

This digest gives one answer to that question. Eleven different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Editoria11y, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, WAVE, and WallyAX) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about a thousand rules, which are classified here into about three hundred accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 3332, the sum of 730 for the count of issues, 1623 for specific issues, 0 for unclassified rule violations, 233 for tool-by-tool ratings, 392 for the count of violating elements, 300 for the page preventing tools from running, 54 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

How the page was scored

Introduction

This is an explanation of the scoring of the page.

Motivations for scoring

Why score? Specifically, why aggregate many facts about a page into a single number?

One motivation is to simplify comparison and tracking. If you want to compare a page with other pages, or if you want to track changes in a page over time, aggregating many test results for each page into one page score simplifies the task. It becomes possible to say things like Page A is more accessible than page B or Page A is becoming more accessible over time.

Another motivation is to influence behavior. A score arises from decisions about importance, urgency, and other attributes. People may use scores to award benefits, impose costs, or prioritize work. So, scoring can influence who gets and does what.

How to score?

Scoring is subjective. Accessibility testing tools use various scoring procedures, based on various ideas.

The built-in scoring procedures of Testilo are based on the idea that multiple attributes should affect a web-page accessibility score, including:

Some ideas found elsewhere in accessibility scoring are rejected by the Testilo procedures:

Scoring method summary

The scoring method is found in the code of the procedure. The file for any procedure tspnn is in the file procs/score/tspnn.js within the Testilo package.

The score computed by this procedure for any page is a non-negative number. The numbers represent accessibility faults, so a higher-scoring page is considered less accessible than a lower-scoring page. The best possible score is 0.

The procedure makes the score of a page the sum of 7 components:

Scoring method details

The above component descriptions omit various details.

About a thousand tool rules are classified into issues in the tic50.js file used by this procedure. Each of those rules has a quality, ranging from 0 to 1. When the issue score is computed, the count of violations of each rule is multiplied by the quality of that rule. Whichever tool has the largest quality-weighted violation count for an issue, that count is treated as the instance count for the issue. Thus, if 8 tools each report 15 violations within the issue, and their rule qualities are all 1, the instance count is 15, not 120. Moreover, the issue itself has a weight, ranging from 1 to 4, representing its importance. This instance count is multiplied by that weight. That product is further multiplied by the issueCountWeight value, namely 10. That final product is further adjusted if the issue is inherently limited in instance count. For example, if the issue is that the page html element has no lang attribute, the instance count is limited to 1. If there is such a limit, the maxWeight value, namely 30, is divided by the actual instance count and the quotient is added to 1. That product (or 1 if there is no limit) is multiplied by the instance count, and then the result is treated as the contribution of the issue to the issue score.

Each solo (not yet issue-classified) rule violation is multiplied by the sum of 1 and the ordinal severity of the rule, to produce the solo score.

Each rule violation reported by each tool is severity-weighted in the same way as solo rule violations are. Then the sum of those violations is multiplied by the toolWeight value, namely 0.1, to produce the tool score.

The count of elements reported as violators of any rule is multiplied by the elementWeight value, namely 2, to produce the element score.

The count of prevented Testaro rules is multiplied by the testaroRulePreventionWeight quantity, namely 30, and the count of other prevented tools is multiplied by the preventionWeight value, namely 300, to produce the prevention score.

The log score is the sum of several components:

Each of these components is multiplied by a weight found in the logWeights object.

Finally, the latency score is based on how much longer it took for the page to become loaded and stable than expected. The expected total duration in seconds is the normalLatency value, namely 22 seconds (that is 2 seconds per visit, multiplied by the 11 visits of the 11 tools). This is subtracted from the actual total latency, and that difference is multiplied by the latencyWeight amount, namely 2.

Issue summary

Details about this summary

The summary

Sorting is by score.

How many violations each tool reported, by issue
IssueWCAGWeightScoreInstance counts
meta bans zoom1.4.44248alfa:1, aslint:1, axe:1, nuVal:2, qualWeb:1, wax:0
line height low1.4.82176alfa:2, testaro:88
fatal error4.14124nuVal:1
color missing1.4.34108qualWeb:27
contrast poor1.4.34104axe:26, htmlcs:7, qualWeb:16, wave:14, alfa:0, aslint:0, ibm:0, wax:0
h1 not 1st heading1.3.1393alfa:1
svg image not named1.1.1472aslint:18, ibm:10, alfa:0, axe:0, qualWeb:0, wax:0
not exactly 1 h1 heading1.3.1262nuVal:1, aslint:0, axe:0, wave:0
focus indication poor2.4.7460testaro:15, alfa:0, aslint:0
text contrast not testable1.4.3152alfa:52, htmlcs:21, aslint:0
overflow hidden?1.4.4139qualWeb:39
video not named1.2.2436axe:1, qualWeb:9
error reference invalid3.3.1432qualWeb:8, ibm:0
tab-opening link action unstated3.2.5326ed11y:17
void element has trailing slash4.1125nuVal:25
text contrast improvable1.4.6124aslint:5, axe:24, htmlcs:1, qualWeb:21, alfa:0, wax:0
element beyond display when focused1.4.10324testaro:8
content beyond landmarks1.3.6122alfa:22, axe:7, ibm:5, wax:0
title attribute invalid1.3.1420testaro:5
tab-opening link action unstated?3.2.5117aslint:17, htmlcs:11, testaro:17
link indication poor1.3.3216axe:1, testaro:8, alfa:0
attribute missing4.1.2416nuVal:4, axe:0, ibm:0, wax:0
target small2.5.5114alfa:14, testaro:12
links named identically2.4.4212aslint:2, qualWeb:6, testaro:3
no role-required name4.1.2412ibm:3, wax:0
audio track missing1.2.1412qualWeb:3, aslint:0, axe:0
type redundant1.3.1110nuVal:10
ID not unique4.1.148alfa:2, aslint:2, htmlcs:1, ibm:1, nuVal:2, axe:0, qualWeb:0, wax:0
audio or video caption track missing1.2.148aslint:2
video alternative missing1.2.148aslint:2
fieldset missing1.3.128ibm:4, testaro:4, wave:1
attribute value invalid1.3.148nuVal:2, ibm:0, wax:0
role invalid4.1.236alfa:2, axe:2, ibm:2, aslint:0, nuVal:0, qualWeb:0
form submission button missing3.2.236aslint:2, htmlcs:2, qualWeb:2
navigations not distinctly named1.3.636ibm:2
meta invalid1.3.136nuVal:2
inconsistent heading, link, or button styles3.2.416testaro:6
z-index not zero1.416testaro:6
descendant missing1.3.144alfa:1, axe:0, nuVal:0, qualWeb:0, wax:0
fieldset missing?1.3.114aslint:4, htmlcs:1, wax:0
control label invisible2.4.644aslint:1, axe:0, wax:0
heading structure illogical1.3.124aslint:1, htmlcs:2
autoplay1.4.224aslint:2, axe:0, qualWeb:0
image has no src1.3.144nuVal:1
parent invalid1.3.144nuVal:1, ibm:0
meta element in invalid location1.3.144nuVal:1
video transcript missing1.2.244qualWeb:1
video audio track missing1.2.144qualWeb:1
video audio description missing1.2.144qualWeb:1
all-capital text3.1.513aslint:3, testaro:2, alfa:0, ed11y:0
attribute obsolete4.133aslint:1, htmlcs:0, ibm:0, nuVal:0, testaro:0, wave:0
landmarks not distinctly named1.3.633axe:1, ibm:0, wax:0
code obsolete4.133ibm:1, nuVal:0
box size absolute1.4.433qualWeb:1
noscript element not equivalent?4.113wave:3
audio or video alternatives missing?1.2.213wave:3
all-italic text3.1.512alfa:2, aslint:1, testaro:0
link href missing1.3.122aslint:1, htmlcs:0, nuVal:0, testaro:0
link name vague2.4.412ed11y:2, wave:1, aslint:0
nav links not list1.3.122htmlcs:1
position sticky1.4.1012htmlcs:2, aslint:0
link incomplete1.3.122htmlcs:1, wax:0
autocomplete missing1.3.542testaro:1
role assigned instead of implicit4.1.212testaro:2
heading-like styles dubious1.3.112wave:2, axe:0, ed11y:0, htmlcs:0
item makes testing inconclusive4.111alfa:1
link destination not URL1.3.111aslint:1
links dubiously share name2.4.411axe:1
role redundant4.1.211ibm:1, nuVal:1
label location dubious3.3.211qualWeb:1, aslint:0, ibm:0
image dubiously named1.1.111qualWeb:1, aslint:0, wave:0
text distortion3.1.511testaro:1
title attribute redundant1.3.111testaro:1, wave:1, aslint:0, qualWeb:0

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: meta bans zoom

Impact: User cannot adjust the document size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 248

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r47

Description: Element restricts zooming

Count of instances: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule zoom_disabled

Description: Element specifies a minimum or maximum scale or prohibits zooming

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule meta-viewport

Description: Zooming and scaling are disabled

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Consider avoiding viewport values that prevent users from resizing documents.

Description: viewport value prevents users from resizing the document

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R14

Description: meta viewport prevents zoom

Count of instances: 1

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 176

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r73

Description: Text line height is not at least 1.5

Count of instances: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 88

Issue: fatal error

Impact: Document prevents testing for accessibility

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 124

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Cannot recover after last error. Any further errors will be ignored.

Description: Testing was interrupted by a fatal error

Count of instances: 1

Issue: color missing

Impact: Content is impossible to perceive under some conditions

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 108

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T31

Description: Foreground or background color is specified but not both

Count of instances: 27

Issue: contrast poor

Impact: Content is difficult to understand

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 104

Elements

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 26

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.Fail

Description: Contrast between the text and its background is less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 7

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R37

Description: Text has less than the minimum contrast

Count of instances: 16

Violations of wave rules

Rule contrast

Description: Very low contrast

Count of instances: 14

Issue: h1 not 1st heading

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r61

Description: First heading is not h1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: svg image not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 72

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule accessible_svg

Description: Element has no title, description, text, attribute label, or role description

Count of instances: 18

Violations of ibm rules

Rule svg_graphics_labelled

Description: Element is svg but has no accessible name

Count of instances: 10

Issue: not exactly 1 h1 heading

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 62

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Consider using the h1 element as a top-level heading only (all h1 elements are treated as top-level headings by many screen readers and other tools).

Description: Page contains more than 1 h1 element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 60

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 15

Issue: text contrast not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 52

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule cantTellTextContrast

Description: Test of text contrast could not give a conclusive result

Count of instances: 52

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 4

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.BgImage

Description: Contrast between the text and its background image may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 7

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.BgImage

Description: Contrast between the text and the background image may be less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 10

Issue: overflow hidden?

Impact: User may be unable to enlarge the text for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 39

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R40

Description: Zoomed text node may be clipped by a CSS overflow declaration

Count of instances: 39

Issue: video not named

Impact: User cannot get help reading video content as text

WCAG: 1.2.2

Score: 36

Elements

Violations of axe rules

Rule video-caption

Description: Element has no captions

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R51

Description: video element visual-only content is not a media alternative for text

Count of instances: 1

Rule QW-ACT-R56

Description: video element content is not a media alternative for text

Count of instances: 1

Rule QW-ACT-R61

Description: video element visual content has no transcript

Count of instances: 1

Rule QW-ACT-R23

Description: video element visual content has no accessible alternative

Count of instances: 2

Rule QW-ACT-R31

Description: video element visual-only content has no accessible alternative

Count of instances: 2

Rule QW-ACT-R32

Description: video element visual-only content has no strict accessible alternative

Count of instances: 2

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 32

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 8

Issue: tab-opening link action unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 26

Elements

Violations of ed11y rules

Rule linkNewWindow

Description: Link opens a new window or tab without prior notice

Count of instances: 17

Issue: void element has trailing slash

Impact: Document contains invalid code

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 25

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Trailing slash on void elements has no effect and interacts badly with unquoted attribute values.

Description: Void element has a useless trailing slash.

Count of instances: 25

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Content is not easy to understand

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 24

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa4

Description: Text has contrast less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 4

Rule color_contrast_aaa7

Description: Text has contrast less than 7:1

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast-enhanced

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast (Level AAA)

Count of instances: 24

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Fail

Description: Text has insufficient contrast

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 21

Issue: element beyond display when focused

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 24

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focVis

Description: Element when focused is off the display

Count of instances: 8

Issue: content beyond landmarks

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 22

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r57

Description: Perceivable text content is not included in any landmark

Count of instances: 22

Violations of axe rules

Rule region

Description: Some page content is not contained by landmarks

Count of instances: 7

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_content_in_landmark

Description: Content is not within a landmark element

Count of instances: 5

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 20

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 5

Issue: tab-opening link action unstated?

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 17

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 17

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 11

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 17

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 16

Elements

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-in-text-block

Description: Element is not distinct from surrounding text without reliance on color

Count of instances: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 8

Issue: attribute missing

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 16

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ is missing required attribute .+$

Description: Element is missing a required attribute

Count of instances: 4

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 14

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r111

Description: Target size is suboptimal

Count of instances: 14

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 12

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 12

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R9

Description: Links with identical accessible names have different purposes

Count of instances: 3

Rule QW-ACT-R44

Description: Links with identical accessible names and context serve different purposes

Count of instances: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 3

Issue: no role-required name

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 12

Elements

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_accessiblename_exists

Description: Element has no accessible name, although its role requires one

Count of instances: 3

Issue: audio track missing

Impact: User cannot get help reading speech as text

WCAG: 1.2.1

Score: 12

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R60

Description: Auditory content of the element has no captions

Count of instances: 1

Rule QW-ACT-R26

Description: Auditory content of the element has no accessible alternative

Count of instances: 2

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 10

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute for the style element is not needed and should be omitted.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a style element

Count of instances: 6

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 4

Issue: ID not unique

Impact: User may be pointed to the wrong item

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 8

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r3

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule duplicated_id_attribute

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_1.F77

Description: Duplicate id attribute value

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_id_unique

Description: Element has an id attribute value that is already in use

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Duplicate ID .+$|^The first occurrence of ID .* was here.*$

Description: Duplicate id

Count of instances: 2

Issue: audio or video caption track missing

Impact: User cannot get help reading speech as text

WCAG: 1.2.1

Score: 8

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule audio_video_captions

Description: Element is audio or video but contains no caption track element

Count of instances: 2

Issue: video alternative missing

Impact: User cannot get help consuming a video recording as text or speech

WCAG: 1.2.1

Score: 8

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule video_audio_descriptions

Description: Element has neither an audio source nor a description track

Count of instances: 2

Issue: fieldset missing

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a group of related form items

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 8

Elements

Violations of ibm rules

Rule input_checkboxes_grouped

Description: checkbox input is not grouped with others with the same name

Count of instances: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule radioSet

Description: No or invalid grouping of radio buttons in fieldsets

Count of instances: 4

Violations of wave rules

Rule fieldset_missing

Description: fieldset element is missing

Count of instances: 1

Issue: attribute value invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 8

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .* for attribute .+ on element .+$

Description: Attribute on this element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 2

Issue: role invalid

Impact: User cannot get help on the nature of an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 6

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r110

Description: No token in the value of the role attribute is valid

Count of instances: 1

Rule r21

Description: Element has no valid role

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule aria-allowed-role

Description: ARIA role is not appropriate for the element

Count of instances: 1

Rule aria-roles

Description: ARIA role has an invalid value

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_role_allowed

Description: Element has an invalid role

Count of instances: 1

Rule aria_role_valid

Description: ARIA role is not valid for its element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: form submission button missing

Impact: User cannot easily submit a form

WCAG: 3.2.2

Score: 6

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_submit_button

Description: Element is a form but contains no input or button element for submission

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_2.H32.2

Description: Form has no submit button

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T19

Description: Submit button not provided

Count of instances: 2

Issue: navigations not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 6

Elements

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_navigation_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with the navigation role do not have unique labels

Count of instances: 2

Issue: meta invalid

Impact: Document fails to include needed data

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 6

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule A meta element with an http-equiv attribute whose value is X-UA-Compatible must have a content attribute with the value IE=edge.

Description: Element with http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" has no content="IE=edge"

Count of instances: 2

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 6

Elements

None identified

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 6

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 6

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 6

Issue: descendant missing

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot operate a custom tool

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r68

Description: Element does not own an element required by its semantic role

Count of instances: 1

Issue: fieldset missing?

Impact: User may be unable to get help recognizing a group of related form items

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule group_elements_name_attribute

Description: Element is an input with a name attribute but has no fieldset parent

Count of instances: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H71.SameName

Description: Radio buttons or check boxes may require a group description via a fieldset element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: control label invisible

Impact: User cannot understand how to operate a form item

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule label_visually_hidden_only

Description: Form control has a label but it is not visible

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 2

Issue: autoplay

Impact: Motion- or noise-sensitive user may suffer harm

WCAG: 1.4.2

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule autoplay_audio_video

Description: Element plays automatically

Count of instances: 2

Issue: image has no src

Impact: Image to be shown cannot be found

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Element img is missing required attribute src.

Description: img element has no src attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: parent invalid

Impact: User cannot properly operate an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ not allowed as child of element .+ in this context.*$

Description: Element has an invalid parent

Count of instances: 1

Issue: meta element in invalid location

Impact: Document fails to provide needed data

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Elements

None identified

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule meta element between head and body.

Description: meta element is between the head and body elements

Count of instances: 1

Issue: video transcript missing

Impact: User cannot get help reading video content as text

WCAG: 1.2.2

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R53

Description: video element visual-only content has no transcript

Count of instances: 1

Issue: video audio track missing

Impact: User cannot get help hearing video content as speech

WCAG: 1.2.1

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R54

Description: Visual-only content of the element has no audio track alternative

Count of instances: 1

Issue: video audio description missing

Impact: User cannot get help hearing video content as speech

WCAG: 1.2.1

Score: 4

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R55

Description: video element visual content has no audio description

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-capital text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule capital_letters_words

Description: Element or its title has entirely upper-case words

Count of instances: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule allCaps

Description: Element has a text substring of at least 8 upper-case characters

Count of instances: 2

Issue: attribute obsolete

Impact: Document includes obsolete code that the browser may fail to process

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule obsolete_html_attributes

Description: Element has an obsolete attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: landmarks not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-unique

Description: Landmark has a role and an accessible name that are identical to another

Count of instances: 1

Issue: code obsolete

Impact: Document contains code that is no longer standard

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_attribute_deprecated

Description: Element or attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 1

Issue: box size absolute

Impact: User cannot enlarge the content of an item for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-BP15

Description: Element width is specified in an absolute value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: noscript element not equivalent?

Impact: User who has disabled JavaScript may be denied some content

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of wave rules

Rule noscript

Description: noscript element may fail to contain an accessible equivalent or alternative

Count of instances: 3

Issue: audio or video alternatives missing?

Impact: User may be unable to get help reading video content as text

WCAG: 1.2.2

Score: 3

Elements

Violations of wave rules

Rule html5_video_audio

Description: video or audio element may have no or incorrect captions, transcript, or audio description

Count of instances: 2

Rule youtube_video

Description: YouTube video may have no or incorrect captions

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-italic text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r85

Description: Text of the paragraph is all italic

Count of instances: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule font_style_italic

Description: Text longer than 80 characters has an italic font style

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link href missing

Impact: Helper cannot properly explain a link to a user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_href_on_a

Description: Link has no href attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link name vague

Impact: User may misunderstand what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of ed11y rules

Rule linkTextIsGeneric

Description: Element is a link but has generic content

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_suspicious

Description: Suspicious link text

Count of instances: 1

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Elements

None identified

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48

Description: Navigation links are not coded as a list

Count of instances: 1

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 2

Issue: link incomplete

Impact: User may fail to reach a promised location

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Elements

None identified

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.Placeholder

Description: Link has text but no href, id, or name attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: autocomplete missing

Impact: User cannot get help entering personal information in a form

WCAG: 1.3.5

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule autocomplete

Description: Name or email input is missing its required autocomplete attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: role assigned instead of implicit

Impact: User may misunderstand the purpose of an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule role

Description: Explicitly assigned ARIA role is also an implicit element role

Count of instances: 2

Issue: heading-like styles dubious

Impact: User may be unable to understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Elements

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_possible

Description: Possible heading

Count of instances: 2

Issue: item makes testing inconclusive

Impact: Item prevents a conclusive accessibility test

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of alfa rules

Rule cantTell

Description: Test could not give a conclusive result

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link destination not URL

Impact: Helper cannot properly explain a link to a user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of aslint rules

Rule unclear_anchor_uri

Description: Link destination is #, a script, or empty

Count of instances: 1

Issue: links dubiously share name

Impact: User may be unable to get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of axe rules

Rule identical-links-same-purpose

Description: Links with the same accessible name may serve dissimilar purposes

Count of instances: 1

Issue: role redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_role_redundant

Description: Explicitly assigned ARIA role is redundant with the implicit role of the element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^The .+ role is unnecessary for element .+$

Description: explicit role is redundant for its element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: label location dubious

Impact: User may fail to notice the explanation of an item in a form

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T17

Description: label not positioned to maximize the predictability of the relationship

Count of instances: 1

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is suspect

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text distortion

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule distortion

Description: Element text is distorted by a transform style property

Count of instances: 1

Issue: title attribute redundant

Impact: Helper repeats the explanation of an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Elements

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkTitle

Description: Link title value is also contained in the link text

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule title_redundant

Description: Title attribute text is the same as the text or alternative text

Count of instances: 1

Elements with issues

Elements exhibiting issues:

Element /
Element /html/body/div[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/div/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/div/div/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/div/div/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/div/div/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/div/div/iframe
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/a[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/a[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/a[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/h1
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/h1/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/h1/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/h1/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/h1/a/svg/defs
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/h1/a/svg/title
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav/ul
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav/ul/li[1]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav/ul/li[2]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav/ul/li[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav/ul/li[3]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/nav/ul/li[4]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/p
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[1]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[1]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[1]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[2]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[2]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[2]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[3]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[3]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[3]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[4]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[4]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[4]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[5]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[5]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[5]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[6]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[6]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/footer/ul/li[6]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[1]/video
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[2]/span[1]/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[2]/span[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[2]/span[2]/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[2]/span[2]/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/nav
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/nav/ul
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/nav/ul/li[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/nav/ul/li[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/nav/ul/li[4]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[1]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[1]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[1]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[2]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[2]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[2]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[3]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[3]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[3]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[4]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[4]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[4]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[4]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[5]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[5]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[5]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[5]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[6]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[6]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[6]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/div[3]/ul/li[6]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/h1
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/h1/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/h1/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/h1/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/h1/a/svg/defs/style
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[1]/h1/a/svg/title
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[1]/video
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/a/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/a/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[1]/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[4]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[5]
Element /html/body/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1/span[5]/svg
Element /html/body/div[1]/nav
Element /html/body/div[1]/nav/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/nav/h3
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/button
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[1]/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/input
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/label
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/label/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/label
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/label/span
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/div[3]/input
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/div[2]/input
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/div/ul
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/div/form/div/input
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[1]/h2
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/div/p
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/div/p/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/header
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/header/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/header/a/h1
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/header/picture/img
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[2]/header/picture/noscript
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/input[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/input[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/input[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/input[4]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[1]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[1]/sup
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[2]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[2]/sup
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[3]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[3]/sup
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/form/label[4]
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/div/h2
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header/form
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header/form/a
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header/form/input
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header/form/label
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header/h2
Element /html/body/div[1]/section[3]/header/p
Element /html/body/noscript[1]
Element /html/body/noscript[2]
Element /html/head/link[11]
Element /html/head/link[15]
Element /html/head/link[16]
Element /html/head/link[17]
Element /html/head/meta[2]
Element /html/head/meta[5]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/h1[1]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/ul[1]/li[2]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/ul[1]/li[3]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/ul[1]/li[4]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/ul[1]/li[5]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/footer[1]/ul[1]/li[6]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/header[1]/@role
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/header[1]/div[2]/a[2]/span[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/header[1]/h1[1]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/a[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1[1]/span[1]/svg[1]
Element /html[1]/body[1]/div[1]/header[2]/div[2]/h1[1]/span[5]/svg[1]