Accessibility digest

Introduction

How accessible is the Global Policy Forum web page at https://www.globalpolicy.org/en?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 2288, the sum of 590 for the count of issues, 1375 for specific issues, 285 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 38 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 200

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r73

Description: Text line height is not at least 1.5

Count of instances: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 100

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 177

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 59

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 138

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_not_visually_evident_without_color_vision

Description: Element is a link, but its style properties do not differentiate it from its parent

Count of instances: 5

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 69

Issue: meta bans zoom

Impact: User cannot adjust the document size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 124

Violations of aslint rules

Rule zoom_disabled

Description: Element specifies a minimum or maximum scale or prohibits zooming

Count of instances: 1

Issue: h1 not 1st heading

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r61

Description: First heading is not h1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 76

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r65

Description: Element in the sequential focus order has no visible focus

Count of instances: 19

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 18

Issue: page content moves spontaneously

Impact: Motion-sensitive user may suffer harm

WCAG: 2.2.2

Score: 62

Violations of testaro rules

Rule motion

Description: Change of visible content not requested by user

Count of instances: 1

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 60

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 30

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R9

Description: Links with identical accessible names have different purposes

Count of instances: 2

Rule QW-ACT-R44

Description: Links with identical accessible names and context serve different purposes

Count of instances: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 48

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 12

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 9

Violations of ibm rules

Rule text_contrast_sufficient

Description: Text has a contrast with its background less than the WCAG AA minimum for its size and weight

Count of instances: 8

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R37

Description: Text has less than the minimum contrast

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule contrast

Description: Very low contrast

Count of instances: 9

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 35

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 17

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa7

Description: Text has contrast less than 7:1

Count of instances: 30

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 4

Rule color_contrast_aaa4

Description: Text has contrast less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast-enhanced

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast (Level AAA)

Count of instances: 6

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Fail

Description: Text has insufficient contrast

Count of instances: 9

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 2

Issue: large visible-element count

Impact: User cannot easily find items in the document

WCAG: 2.4

Score: 31

Violations of testaro rules

Rule bulk

Description: Page contains many visible elements

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text and image link not combined

Impact: Keyboard-only user expends extra effort to skip a link

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 30

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T10

Description: Adjacent image and text links for the same resource are not combined

Count of instances: 12

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_redundant

Description: Adjacent links go to the same URL

Count of instances: 15

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 30

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 30

Issue: link not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 28

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r11

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_link_element

Description: Element has no visible and accessible name

Count of instances: 7

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-name

Description: Link has no discernible text

Count of instances: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.Empty

Description: a element has an id attribute but no href attribute or text

Count of instances: 2

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.NoContent

Description: Link has an href attribute but not named

Count of instances: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R12

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 4

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_empty

Description: Link contains not named

Count of instances: 4

Issue: tab-opening link action possibly unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 19

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 19

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 19

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 19

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 18

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48

Description: Navigation links are not coded as a list

Count of instances: 3

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 9

Issue: attribute invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 16

Violations of axe rules

Rule aria-prohibited-attr

Description: Element has an attribute that is not valid for the role of the element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_attribute_valid

Description: ARIA attribute is invalid for the role of its element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Attribute .+ is not serializable as XML 1\.0.*$

Description: Attribute is invalidly nonserializable

Count of instances: 1

Rule ^Attribute .+ not allowed on element .+ at this point.*$

Description: Attribute not allowed on this element

Count of instances: 3

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 16

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 4

Issue: meta invalid

Impact: Document fails to include needed data

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 12

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Attribute .+ not allowed on element meta at this point.*$

Description: Attribute is not allowed on a meta element here

Count of instances: 2

Rule ^Element meta is missing one or more of the following attributes: .+$

Description: Element is missing a required attribute

Count of instances: 2

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 11

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 11

Issue: article heading missing

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 10

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Article lacks heading. Consider using h2-h6 elements to add identifying headings to all articles.

Description: article has no heading

Count of instances: 10

Issue: content beyond landmarks

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 8

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r57

Description: Perceivable text content is not included in any landmark

Count of instances: 8

Violations of axe rules

Rule region

Description: Some page content is not contained by landmarks

Count of instances: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_content_in_landmark

Description: Content is not within a landmark element

Count of instances: 6

Issue: invalid landmark child of navigation role

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule navigation_landmark_restrictions

Description: Element with a navigation role contains a landmark other than region and search

Count of instances: 2

Issue: image name redundant

Impact: Helper repeats the explanation of an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule img_alt_duplicate_text_link

Description: Text alternative of the image duplicates the text of the enclosing link

Count of instances: 8

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_redundant

Description: Redundant text alternative

Count of instances: 8

Issue: no role-required name

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_accessiblename_exists

Description: Element has no accessible name, although its role requires one

Count of instances: 2

Issue: link name dubious

Impact: User may misunderstand what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 7

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_with_unclear_purpose

Description: Element is a link but has vague or generic content

Count of instances: 7

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_suspicious

Description: Suspicious link text

Count of instances: 7

Issue: role redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 7

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_role_redundant

Description: Explicitly assigned ARIA role is redundant with the implicit role of the element

Count of instances: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^The .+ role is unnecessary for element .+$

Description: explicit role is redundant for its element

Count of instances: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule role

Description: Invalid, native-replacing, or redundant role

Count of instances: 7

Issue: attribute obsolete

Impact: Document includes obsolete code that the browser may fail to process

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule obsolete_html_attributes

Description: Element has an obsolete attribute

Count of instances: 2

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The name attribute is obsolete. Consider putting an id attribute on the nearest container instead.

Description: name attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 1

Rule The border attribute is obsolete. Consider specifying img { border: 0; } in CSS instead.

Description: border element is obsolete

Count of instances: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkOldAtt

Description: Element has a deprecated attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 6

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_3_F24.F24.FGColour

Description: Inline foreground color may lack a complementary background color

Count of instances: 1

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 2

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.BgImage

Description: Contrast between the text and its background image may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 1

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 2

Issue: navigations not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 6

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_navigation_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with the navigation role do not have unique labels

Count of instances: 2

Issue: aria attribute invalid

Impact: Item behavior violates user expectations

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r18

Description: ARIA state or property is not allowed for the element on which it is specified

Count of instances: 1

Issue: dialog not named

Impact: User cannot get help explaining a pop-up window

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule aria_role_dialog

Description: Element has a dialog role but has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule aria-dialog-name

Description: ARIA dialog or alertdialog node has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Issue: control label invisible

Impact: User cannot understand how to operate a form item

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule label_visually_hidden_only

Description: Form control has a label but it is not visible

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link href missing

Impact: Helper cannot properly explain a link to a user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_href_on_a

Description: Link has no href attribute

Count of instances: 2

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 2

Issue: CSS bans rotation

Impact: User must read sideways after rotating a device

WCAG: 1.3.4

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule orientation

Description: CSS media query specifies an orientation

Count of instances: 1

Issue: interactive component not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding a custom item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_widget_labelled

Description: Interactive component has no programmatically associated name

Count of instances: 1

Issue: attribute value invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .* for attribute .+ on element .+$

Description: Attribute on this element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 4

Issue: heading empty

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 3

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r64

Description: Heading has no non-empty accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_heading

Description: Element is a heading but is empty

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule empty-heading

Description: Heading empty

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H42.2

Description: Heading empty

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule heading_content_exists

Description: Heading element has no descriptive content

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Empty heading.

Description: Empty heading

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R35

Description: Heading has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_empty

Description: Empty heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: landmarks not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 3

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-unique

Description: Landmark has a role and an accessible name that are identical to another

Count of instances: 1

Issue: role invalid

Impact: User cannot get help on the nature of an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 3

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_role_allowed

Description: Element has an invalid role

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R20

Description: role attribute has an invalid value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: code obsolete

Impact: Document contains code that is no longer standard

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_attribute_deprecated

Description: Element or attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 1

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 3

Issue: duplicate attribute

Impact: Browser processes the document improperly

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule dupAtt

Description: Source code of the element contains 2 or more of the same attribute

Count of instances: 2

Issue: hovering changes content

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hover

Description: Hovering changes the page content

Count of instances: 3

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r74

Description: Paragraph text has an absolute font size

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading heads nothing

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r78

Description: No content between two headings of the same level

Count of instances: 1

Issue: tabindex redundant

Impact: Revision risks interfering with navigation by a keyboard-only user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule misused_tabindex_attribute

Description: Element has an implicit tabIndex value 0, but also has a tabindex attribute

Count of instances: 2

Issue: heading-like styles dubious

Impact: User may be unable to understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H42

Description: Heading coding is not used but the element may be intended as a heading

Count of instances: 2

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 2

Issue: title attribute redundant

Impact: Helper repeats the explanation of an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkTitle

Description: Link title value is also contained in the link text

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule title_redundant

Description: Title attribute text is the same as the text or alternative text

Count of instances: 1

Issue: links dubiously share name

Impact: User may be unable to get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule identical-links-same-purpose

Description: Links with the same accessible name may serve dissimilar purposes

Count of instances: 1

Issue: section heading missing

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Section lacks heading. Consider using h2-h6 elements to add identifying headings to all sections, or else use a div element instead for any cases where no heading is needed.

Description: section has no heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: nearby images have same alt

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating two adjacent images

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_duplicate

Description: Two images near each other have the same text alternative

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link to non-web resource

Impact: Document points to harder-to-use resources

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_pdf

Description: Link to PDF document

Count of instances: 1

Issue: false aria-hidden value risky

Impact: User may be misled by erroneously hidden or revealed document content

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 0

Violations of aslint rules

Rule aria_hidden_false

Description: aria-hidden attribute has the value false

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-capital text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 0

Violations of aslint rules

Rule capital_letters_words

Description: Element or its title has entirely upper-case words

Count of instances: 43

Violations of testaro rules

Rule allCaps

Description: Element has a text substring of at least 8 upper-case characters

Count of instances: 10