Accessibility digest

Introduction

How accessible is the Vegan Outreach web page at https://veganoutreach.org/?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 2076, the sum of 720 for the count of issues, 1176 for specific issues, 122 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 58 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 188

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 94

Issue: fatal error

Impact: Document prevents testing for accessibility

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 124

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Cannot recover after last error. Any further errors will be ignored.

Description: Testing was interrupted by a fatal error

Count of instances: 1

Issue: h1 not 1st heading

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r61

Description: First heading is not h1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: h1 missing

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Violations of aslint rules

Rule h1_must_be

Description: Page contains no h1 element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule page-has-heading-one

Description: Document contains no level-one heading

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule h1_missing

Description: Missing first level heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 92

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 23

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 66

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 22

Issue: main missing

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 62

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-one-main

Description: page has no main landmark

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 28

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_not_visually_evident_without_color_vision

Description: Element is a link, but its style properties do not differentiate it from its parent

Count of instances: 8

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 14

Issue: code obsolete

Impact: Document contains code that is no longer standard

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 27

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_attribute_deprecated

Description: Element or attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 9

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 24

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 6

Issue: operable element not focusable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to an operable item

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 20

Violations of testaro rules

Rule opFoc

Description: Operable element is not Tab-focusable

Count of instances: 5

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 20

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 5

Issue: control not named

Impact: User cannot get help on how to operate a form item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 16

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r8

Description: Form field has no accessible name

Count of instances: 3

Violations of axe rules

Rule label

Description: Form element has no label

Count of instances: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.F68

Description: Form control has no label

Count of instances: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule input_label_exists

Description: Element with the role of a form control has no associated label

Count of instances: 3

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R16

Description: Form control has no accessible name

Count of instances: 3

Violations of wave rules

Rule label_missing

Description: form element has no label

Count of instances: 4

Issue: ID not unique

Impact: User may be pointed to the wrong item

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 16

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R18

Description: id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 4

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 13

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 9

Rule The type attribute for the style element is not needed and should be omitted.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a style element

Count of instances: 4

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 12

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 6

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 12

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_3_F24.F24.FGColour

Description: Inline foreground color may lack a complementary background color

Count of instances: 2

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 9

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: input not named

Impact: User cannot get help on what information to enter in a form item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 12

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.InputText.Name

Description: Text input has no accessible name

Count of instances: 3

Issue: navigations not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 12

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_navigation_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with the navigation role do not have unique labels

Count of instances: 4

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 10

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa7

Description: Text has contrast less than 7:1

Count of instances: 8

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 1

Rule color_contrast_aaa4

Description: Text has contrast less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast-enhanced

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast (Level AAA)

Count of instances: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Fail

Description: Text has insufficient contrast

Count of instances: 1

Issue: landmarks not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 9

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-unique

Description: Landmark has a role and an accessible name that are identical to another

Count of instances: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_landmark_name_unique

Description: Multiple landmarks with the same parent region are not distinguished from one another

Count of instances: 3

Issue: element closure invalid

Impact: Document contains invalid code

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 9

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Stray end tag .+$

Description: Invalid closing tag

Count of instances: 2

Rule ^Start tag .+ seen but an element of the same type was already open.*$

Description: Element is invalidly a descendant of another such element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: table not marked as such

Impact: Helper misinforms a user about whether items are cells of a table

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 9

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T18

Description: Table markup not used to present tabular information

Count of instances: 3

Issue: skip method possibly missing or invalid

Impact: Keyboard-only user may be unable easily to reach the specific content of the document

WCAG: 2.4.1

Score: 8

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r87

Description: First focusable element is not a link to the main content

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_link_element

Description: Element has no visible and accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Rule img_empty_alt_in_link

Description: Element is an image in a link but has no text alternative

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H30.2

Description: img element is the only link content but has no text alternative

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R12

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Rule QW-WCAG-T21

Description: Accessible name is not provided for an image which is the only content in a link

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_link_missing

Description: Linked image has no text alternative

Count of instances: 1

Issue: no role-required name

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_accessiblename_exists

Description: Element has no accessible name, although its role requires one

Count of instances: 2

Issue: image not named

Impact: User cannot get help to know what is in an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 8

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule An img element must have an alt attribute, except under certain conditions. For details, consult guidance on providing text alternatives for images.

Description: img element has no alt attribute

Count of instances: 2

Issue: color missing

Impact: Content is impossible to perceive under some conditions

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 8

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T31

Description: Foreground or background color is specified but not both

Count of instances: 2

Issue: content beyond landmarks

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 7

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r57

Description: Perceivable text content is not included in any landmark

Count of instances: 4

Violations of axe rules

Rule region

Description: Some page content is not contained by landmarks

Count of instances: 7

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_content_in_landmark

Description: Content is not within a landmark element

Count of instances: 4

Issue: form submission button missing

Impact: User cannot easily submit a form

WCAG: 3.2.2

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_submit_button

Description: Element is a form but contains no input or button element for submission

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T19

Description: Submit button not provided

Count of instances: 2

Issue: attribute obsolete

Impact: Document includes obsolete code that the browser may fail to process

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule obsolete_html_attributes

Description: Element has an obsolete attribute

Count of instances: 2

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 6

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48

Description: Navigation links are not coded as a list

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 3

Issue: asides not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 6

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_complementary_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with a complementary role have no unique labels

Count of instances: 2

Issue: table misused

Impact: Helper misinforms a user about whether items are cells of a table

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 6

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T12

Description: th or caption element or non-empty summary attribute used in a layout table

Count of instances: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule nonTable

Description: table element fails the structural requirements for tabular data

Count of instances: 3

Violations of wave rules

Rule table_layout

Description: table element is misused to arrange content

Count of instances: 3

Issue: cell headers possibly ambiguous

Impact: User may be unable to get help on relationships in a table

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 6

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T14

Description: id and headers attributes not used to associate data cells with header cells in a data table

Count of instances: 3

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 6

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T28

Description: Percent, em, or name is used for a font size

Count of instances: 3

Issue: autocomplete missing

Impact: User cannot get help entering personal information in a form

WCAG: 1.3.5

Score: 6

Violations of testaro rules

Rule autocomplete

Description: Name or email input is missing its required autocomplete attribute

Count of instances: 3

Issue: element in head invalid

Impact: Browser processes the document improperly

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 6

Violations of testaro rules

Rule headEl

Description: Elements in the head are not allowed there

Count of instances: 2

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 6

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 6

Issue: role redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 5

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_role_redundant

Description: Explicitly assigned ARIA role is redundant with the implicit role of the element

Count of instances: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule role

Description: Invalid, native-replacing, or redundant role

Count of instances: 5

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 5

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 5

Issue: text distortion

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 5

Violations of testaro rules

Rule distortion

Description: Element text is distorted by a transform style property

Count of instances: 5

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 4

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.Fail

Description: Contrast between the text and its background is less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading heads nothing

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r78

Description: No content between two headings of the same level

Count of instances: 2

Issue: dialog not named

Impact: User cannot get help explaining a pop-up window

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule aria_role_dialog

Description: Element has a dialog role but has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Issue: labeling risky

Impact: User may misunderstand a form control

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_labelN

Description: Element has an id attribute but no explicit label references it

Count of instances: 4

Issue: focusable element hidden

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule misused_aria_on_focusable_element

Description: Visible focusable element has a true aria-hidden attribute or a presentation role

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 2

Issue: aria attribute invalid

Impact: Item behavior violates user expectations

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of axe rules

Rule aria-valid-attr-value

Description: ARIA attribute has an invalid value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: aside child of landmark

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 4

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-complementary-is-top-level

Description: complementary landmark (aside) is contained in another landmark

Count of instances: 2

Issue: text area not named

Impact: User cannot get help on what information to enter in a form item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.Textarea.Name

Description: textarea element has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Issue: aria reference invalid

Impact: Item behavior violates user expectations

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_id_unique

Description: ARIA attribute has an invalid or duplicated id as its value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: parent invalid

Impact: User cannot properly operate an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ not allowed as child of element .+ in this context.*$

Description: Element has an invalid parent

Count of instances: 1

Issue: noscript element possibly not equivalent

Impact: User who has disabled JavaScript may be denied some content

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 4

Violations of wave rules

Rule noscript

Description: noscript element may fail to contain an accessible equivalent or alternative

Count of instances: 4

Issue: image dubiously marked decorative

Impact: Helper ignores an image that is apparently informative

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H67.2

Description: Image marked as decorative may be informative

Count of instances: 3

Issue: link element href missing

Impact: User cannot reach a promised location

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.2_4_8.H59.2b

Description: link element is missing a non-empty href for the linked resource

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Bad value for attribute href on element link: Must be non-empty.

Description: link element has an empty href attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: role invalid

Impact: User cannot get help on the nature of an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 3

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_contentinfo_misuse

Description: Element with a contentinfo role is present without an element with a main role

Count of instances: 1

Issue: meta invalid

Impact: Document fails to include needed data

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule A charset attribute on a meta element found after the first 1024 bytes.

Description: charset attribute on a meta element appears after 1024 bytes

Count of instances: 1

Issue: code invalid

Impact: Invalid code in the document may prevent a helper from working

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad start tag in .+$

Description: Invalid start tag

Count of instances: 1

Issue: table caption missing

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a table

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 3

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T2

Description: caption element not used to associate a caption with a data table

Count of instances: 3

Issue: element beyond display when focused

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focVis

Description: Element when focused is off the display

Count of instances: 1

Issue: decorative element exposed

Impact: Helper alerts a user to an uninformative image

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r86

Description: Element marked as decorative is in the accessibility tree or has no none/presentation role

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link href missing

Impact: Helper cannot properly explain a link to a user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_href_on_a

Description: Link has no href attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 2

Issue: link incomplete

Impact: User may fail to reach a promised location

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.Placeholder

Description: Link has text but no href, id, or name attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: complementary not named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_complementary_labelled

Description: Element with a complementary role has no label

Count of instances: 2

Issue: void element has trailing slash

Impact: Document contains invalid code

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 2

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Trailing slash on void elements has no effect and interacts badly with unquoted attribute values.

Description: Void element has a useless trailing slash.

Count of instances: 2

Issue: justification possibly undefined

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T29

Description: Alignment either to the left or right is not specified in CSS

Count of instances: 2

Issue: title attribute empty

Impact: Hovering does not get the promised explanation of an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_title_attribute

Description: title attribute of the element is empty or only whitespace

Count of instances: 1

Issue: tab-opening link action possibly unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 1

Issue: title attribute redundant

Impact: Helper repeats the explanation of an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkTitle

Description: Link title value is also contained in the link text

Count of instances: 1

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 1