Accessibility digest

Introduction

How accessible is the Pollinator Stewardship Council web page at https://www.pollinatorstewardship.org/?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 2239, the sum of 550 for the count of issues, 1350 for specific issues, 247 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 92 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: font small

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 192

Violations of testaro rules

Rule miniText

Description: Text node has a font smaller than 11 pixels

Count of instances: 64

Violations of wave rules

Rule text_small

Description: Text is very small

Count of instances: 3

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 128

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r74

Description: Paragraph text has an absolute font size

Count of instances: 5

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T28

Description: Percent, em, or name is used for a font size

Count of instances: 64

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 120

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r65

Description: Element in the sequential focus order has no visible focus

Count of instances: 30

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 7

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 88

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 22

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 2

Issue: element not focusable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 68

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focAll

Description: Discrepancy between elements that should be and that are Tab-focusable

Count of instances: 34

Issue: CSS invalid

Impact: Document cannot be properly displayed

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 66

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule CSS: Parse Error.

Description: Invalid CSS

Count of instances: 9

Rule ^CSS: .+: Property .+ doesn't exist.*$

Description: Invalid property in CSS

Count of instances: 3

Rule ^CSS: .+: Unknown dimension.*$

Description: Unknown CSS dimension

Count of instances: 1

Rule ^CSS: .+: The types are incompatible.*$

Description: Incompatible types of CSS values

Count of instances: 4

Rule ^CSS: .+: Parse Error.*$

Description: Invalid CSS

Count of instances: 2

Rule ^CSS: Unknown pseudo-element or pseudo-class :.+$

Description: Unknown pseudo-element or pseudo-class

Count of instances: 3

Issue: multiple h1 headings

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 62

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Consider using the h1 element as a top-level heading only (all h1 elements are treated as top-level headings by many screen readers and other tools).

Description: Page contains more than 1 h1 element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 60

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 20

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 52

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_not_visually_evident_without_color_vision

Description: Element is a link, but its style properties do not differentiate it from its parent

Count of instances: 21

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 26

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 42

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 22

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 42

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 1

Issue: tabindex redundant

Impact: Revision risks interfering with navigation by a keyboard-only user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 40

Violations of aslint rules

Rule misused_tabindex_attribute

Description: Element has an implicit tabIndex value 0, but also has a tabindex attribute

Count of instances: 40

Issue: large visible-element count

Impact: User cannot easily find items in the document

WCAG: 2.4

Score: 31

Violations of testaro rules

Rule bulk

Description: Page contains many visible elements

Count of instances: 1

Issue: overflow possibly hidden

Impact: User may be unable to enlarge the text for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 29

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R40

Description: Zoomed text node may be clipped by a CSS overflow declaration

Count of instances: 29

Issue: link not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 28

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r11

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_link_element

Description: Element has no visible and accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-name

Description: Link has no discernible text

Count of instances: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.NoContent

Description: Link has an href attribute but not named

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule a_text_purpose

Description: Hyperlink has no link text, label, or image with a text alternative

Count of instances: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R12

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 4

Rule QW-WCAG-T21

Description: Accessible name is not provided for an image which is the only content in a link

Count of instances: 3

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_link_missing

Description: Linked image has no text alternative

Count of instances: 3

Rule link_empty

Description: Link contains not named

Count of instances: 1

Issue: attribute value invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 24

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .* for attribute .+ on element .+$

Description: Attribute on this element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 6

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 22

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 11

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R9

Description: Links with identical accessible names have different purposes

Count of instances: 6

Rule QW-ACT-R44

Description: Links with identical accessible names and context serve different purposes

Count of instances: 5

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 8

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 22

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 11

Issue: parent invalid

Impact: User cannot properly operate an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 20

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ not allowed as child of element .+ in this context.*$

Description: Element has an invalid parent

Count of instances: 5

Issue: focusable element not active

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 18

Violations of axe rules

Rule focus-order-semantics

Description: Focusable element has no active role

Count of instances: 6

Issue: code obsolete

Impact: Document contains code that is no longer standard

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 18

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_attribute_deprecated

Description: Element or attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 6

Issue: role invalid

Impact: User cannot get help on the nature of an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 18

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_tabbable_role_valid

Description: Tabbable element has a non-widget role

Count of instances: 6

Issue: link element invalid

Impact: Document fails to get a needed external resource

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 16

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.2_4_8.H59.1

Description: Element is not in the document head

Count of instances: 4

Issue: attribute invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 16

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Attribute .+ not allowed on element .+ at this point.*$

Description: Attribute not allowed on this element

Count of instances: 4

Issue: color missing

Impact: Content is impossible to perceive under some conditions

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 16

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T31

Description: Foreground or background color is specified but not both

Count of instances: 4

Issue: aria attribute invalid

Impact: Item behavior violates user expectations

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 12

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r18

Description: ARIA state or property is not allowed for the element on which it is specified

Count of instances: 3

Issue: meta invalid

Impact: Document fails to include needed data

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 12

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .+ for attribute .+ on element meta.*$

Description: Attribute of a meta element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 4

Issue: image has no src

Impact: Image to be shown cannot be found

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 12

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Element img is missing required attribute src.

Description: img element has no src attribute

Count of instances: 3

Issue: image named with filename

Impact: Helper gives a user the filename of an image instead of describing it

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 9

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r39

Description: Image text alternative is the filename instead

Count of instances: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule alt_text_include_filename

Description: Image text alternative includes a filename

Count of instances: 3

Issue: skip method possibly missing or invalid

Impact: Keyboard-only user may be unable easily to reach the specific content of the document

WCAG: 2.4.1

Score: 8

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r87

Description: First focusable element is not a link to the main content

Count of instances: 1

Issue: tab-opening link action possibly unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 8

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 8

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 8

Issue: operable element not focusable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to an operable item

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 8

Violations of testaro rules

Rule opFoc

Description: Operable element is not Tab-focusable

Count of instances: 2

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 7

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 7

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_suspicious

Description: Image text alternative is suspicious

Count of instances: 3

Issue: hovering changes content

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 7

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hover

Description: Hovering changes the page content

Count of instances: 7

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 6

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r73

Description: Text line height is not at least 1.5

Count of instances: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 3

Issue: link name dubious

Impact: User may misunderstand what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_with_unclear_purpose

Description: Element is a link but has vague or generic content

Count of instances: 6

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_suspicious

Description: Suspicious link text

Count of instances: 3

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 1

Issue: navigations not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 6

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_navigation_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with the navigation role do not have unique labels

Count of instances: 2

Issue: element reloads or redirects

Impact: Document change may surprise a user

WCAG: 2.2.1

Score: 6

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R4

Description: Element refreshes or redirects with delay

Count of instances: 1

Rule QW-ACT-R71

Description: Element has a refresh delay (no exception)

Count of instances: 1

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 5

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 5

Issue: underlining dubious

Impact: User may be misled into believing some text is a link

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 5

Violations of wave rules

Rule underline

Description: CSS underline on text that is not a link

Count of instances: 5

Issue: element not scrollable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot scroll an item

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 4

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r84

Description: Element is scrollable but not by keyboard

Count of instances: 1

Issue: section heading missing

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Section lacks heading. Consider using h2-h6 elements to add identifying headings to all sections, or else use a div element instead for any cases where no heading is needed.

Description: section has no heading

Count of instances: 4

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: landmarks not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 3

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-unique

Description: Landmark has a role and an accessible name that are identical to another

Count of instances: 1

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 3

Issue: heading level skipped

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r53

Description: Heading skips one or more levels

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule heading-order

Description: Heading levels do not increase by only one

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_skipped

Description: Skipped heading level

Count of instances: 1

Issue: links dubiously share name

Impact: User may be unable to get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of axe rules

Rule identical-links-same-purpose

Description: Links with the same accessible name may serve dissimilar purposes

Count of instances: 2

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 1

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text and image link not combined

Impact: Keyboard-only user expends extra effort to skip a link

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_redundant

Description: Adjacent links go to the same URL

Count of instances: 1

Issue: custom button possibly keyboard-inoperable

Impact: Custom item may prevent a keyboard-only user from operating it

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_button_space_key

Description: Element has a button role but may fail to be keyboard-operable

Count of instances: 1

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text distortion

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule distortion

Description: Element text is distorted by a transform style property

Count of instances: 1

Issue: role redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule role

Description: Invalid, native-replacing, or redundant role

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link to non-web resource

Impact: Document points to harder-to-use resources

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_pdf

Description: Link to PDF document

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-capital text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 0

Violations of aslint rules

Rule capital_letters_words

Description: Element or its title has entirely upper-case words

Count of instances: 10

Violations of testaro rules

Rule allCaps

Description: Element has a text substring of at least 8 upper-case characters

Count of instances: 1