Accessibility digest

Introduction

How accessible is the Blind Institute of Technology web page at https://blindinstituteoftechnology.org/?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 1095, the sum of 390 for the count of issues, 562 for specific issues, 98 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 45 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 128

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r65

Description: Element in the sequential focus order has no visible focus

Count of instances: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 32

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 74

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 37

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 48

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 16

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 40

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_not_visually_evident_without_color_vision

Description: Element is a link, but its style properties do not differentiate it from its parent

Count of instances: 14

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 20

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 36

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 5

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 9

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R37

Description: Text has less than the minimum contrast

Count of instances: 4

Issue: aria attribute invalid

Impact: Item behavior violates user expectations

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 28

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r18

Description: ARIA state or property is not allowed for the element on which it is specified

Count of instances: 7

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 19

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 12

Rule The type attribute for the style element is not needed and should be omitted.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a style element

Count of instances: 7

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 18

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48

Description: Navigation links are not coded as a list

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 9

Issue: focusable element hidden

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 16

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r17

Description: Tab-focusable element is or has an ancestor that is aria-hidden

Count of instances: 4

Violations of axe rules

Rule aria-hidden-focus

Description: ARIA hidden element is focusable or contains a focusable element

Count of instances: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R13

Description: Element with aria-hidden has focusable content

Count of instances: 4

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 16

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R9

Description: Links with identical accessible names have different purposes

Count of instances: 6

Rule QW-ACT-R44

Description: Links with identical accessible names and context serve different purposes

Count of instances: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 4

Issue: figure not named

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a figure

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 16

Violations of ibm rules

Rule figure_label_exists

Description: figure element has no associated label

Count of instances: 4

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 16

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 4

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 14

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 10

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 14

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast-enhanced

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast (Level AAA)

Count of instances: 3

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 4

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 8

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 8

Issue: code obsolete

Impact: Document contains code that is no longer standard

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 6

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_attribute_deprecated

Description: Element or attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 2

Issue: meta invalid

Impact: Document fails to include needed data

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 6

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule A charset attribute on a meta element found after the first 1024 bytes.

Description: charset attribute on a meta element appears after 1024 bytes

Count of instances: 1

Rule ^Bad value .+ for attribute .+ on element meta.*$

Description: Attribute of a meta element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: element beyond display when focused

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 6

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focVis

Description: Element when focused is off the display

Count of instances: 2

Issue: hover indication poor

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 6

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hovInd

Description: Hovering is unclearly indicated

Count of instances: 2

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 5

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 5

Issue: control label invisible

Impact: User cannot understand how to operate a form item

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule label_visually_hidden_only

Description: Form control has a label but it is not visible

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link destination not URL

Impact: Helper cannot properly explain a link to a user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule unclear_anchor_uri

Description: Link destination is #, a script, or empty

Count of instances: 4

Issue: no role-required name

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_accessiblename_exists

Description: Element has no accessible name, although its role requires one

Count of instances: 1

Issue: attribute value invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .* for attribute .+ on element .+$

Description: Attribute on this element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: parent invalid

Impact: User cannot properly operate an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ not allowed as child of element .+ in this context.*$

Description: Element has an invalid parent

Count of instances: 1

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: element not focusable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T24

Description: Script removes the focus when focus is received

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text distortion

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule distortion

Description: Element text is distorted by a transform style property

Count of instances: 4

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 4

Issue: links dubiously share name

Impact: User may be unable to get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 3

Violations of axe rules

Rule identical-links-same-purpose

Description: Links with the same accessible name may serve dissimilar purposes

Count of instances: 3

Issue: CSS invalid

Impact: Document cannot be properly displayed

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^CSS: .+: Property .+ doesn't exist.*$

Description: Invalid property in CSS

Count of instances: 1

Issue: hr misused

Impact: User cannot get help on the nature of segments of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule horizontal_rule

Description: hr element has neither a true aria-hidden attribute nor a presentation role

Count of instances: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hr

Description: hr instead of styles is used for vertical segmentation

Count of instances: 2

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 2

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T28

Description: Percent, em, or name is used for a font size

Count of instances: 1

Issue: justification possibly undefined

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T29

Description: Alignment either to the left or right is not specified in CSS

Count of instances: 2

Issue: hovering changes content

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hover

Description: Hovering changes the page content

Count of instances: 2

Issue: link name dubious

Impact: User may misunderstand what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_with_unclear_purpose

Description: Element is a link but has vague or generic content

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading-like styles dubious

Impact: User may be unable to understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H42

Description: Heading coding is not used but the element may be intended as a heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 1

Issue: label location dubious

Impact: User may fail to notice the explanation of an item in a form

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T17

Description: label not positioned to maximize the predictability of the relationship

Count of instances: 1