Accessibility digest

Introduction

How accessible is the Mobility International web page at https://www.miusa.org/?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 3372, the sum of 700 for the count of issues, 2216 for specific issues, 359 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 86 for browser warnings, and 11 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: color missing

Impact: Content is impossible to perceive under some conditions

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 428

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T31

Description: Foreground or background color is specified but not both

Count of instances: 107

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 360

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r74

Description: Paragraph text has an absolute font size

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T28

Description: Percent, em, or name is used for a font size

Count of instances: 180

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 156

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 39

Issue: attribute value invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 140

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .* for attribute .+ on element .+$

Description: Attribute on this element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 35

Issue: script element invalid

Impact: Browser processes the document improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 88

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Element script must not have attribute defer unless attribute src is also specified.

Description: script element has a defer attribute without a src attribute

Count of instances: 22

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 81

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 27

Issue: element not focusable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 68

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focAll

Description: Discrepancy between elements that should be and that are Tab-focusable

Count of instances: 34

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 66

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 33

Issue: multiple banners

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 62

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-no-duplicate-banner

Description: Page has more than 1 banner landmark

Count of instances: 1

Issue: main missing

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 62

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-one-main

Description: page has no main landmark

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 60

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 15

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 13

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.Fail

Description: Contrast between the text and its background is less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule text_contrast_sufficient

Description: Text has a contrast with its background less than the WCAG AA minimum for its size and weight

Count of instances: 9

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R37

Description: Text has less than the minimum contrast

Count of instances: 14

Violations of wave rules

Rule contrast

Description: Very low contrast

Count of instances: 12

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 52

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r65

Description: Element in the sequential focus order has no visible focus

Count of instances: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 13

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 52

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 26

Issue: ID not unique

Impact: User may be pointed to the wrong item

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 44

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r3

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 9

Violations of aslint rules

Rule duplicated_id_attribute

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 9

Violations of axe rules

Rule duplicate-id-aria

Description: id attribute used in ARIA or in a label has a value that is not unique

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_1.F77

Description: Duplicate id attribute value

Count of instances: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_id_unique

Description: Element has an id attribute value that is already in use

Count of instances: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Duplicate ID .+$|^The first occurrence of ID .* was here.*$

Description: Duplicate id

Count of instances: 10

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R18

Description: id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 11

Issue: content beyond landmarks

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 42

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r57

Description: Perceivable text content is not included in any landmark

Count of instances: 42

Violations of axe rules

Rule region

Description: Some page content is not contained by landmarks

Count of instances: 19

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_content_in_landmark

Description: Content is not within a landmark element

Count of instances: 33

Issue: requirement invalid

Impact: User may fail to get help determining whether a form item must be completed

WCAG: 1.3.5

Score: 32

Violations of aslint rules

Rule misused_required_attribute

Description: Requirement status of the element is invalid

Count of instances: 8

Issue: large visible-element count

Impact: User cannot easily find items in the document

WCAG: 2.4

Score: 31

Violations of testaro rules

Rule bulk

Description: Page contains many visible elements

Count of instances: 1

Issue: fieldset missing

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a group of related form items

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 30

Violations of testaro rules

Rule radioSet

Description: No or invalid grouping of radio buttons in fieldsets

Count of instances: 15

Violations of wave rules

Rule fieldset_missing

Description: fieldset element is missing

Count of instances: 2

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 25

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 16

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 2

Rule color_contrast_aaa7

Description: Text has contrast less than 7:1

Count of instances: 14

Rule color_contrast_aaa4

Description: Text has contrast less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 9

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast-enhanced

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast (Level AAA)

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Fail

Description: Text has insufficient contrast

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 15

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 22

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 11

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 10

Issue: font small

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 21

Violations of aslint rules

Rule minimum_font_size

Description: Font size is smaller than 10 pixels

Count of instances: 7

Issue: fieldset possibly missing

Impact: User may be unable to get help recognizing a group of related form items

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 19

Violations of aslint rules

Rule group_elements_name_attribute

Description: Element is an input with a name attribute but has no fieldset parent

Count of instances: 19

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H71.SameName

Description: Radio buttons or check boxes may require a group description via a fieldset element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 19

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 19

Issue: operable element not focusable

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to an operable item

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 16

Violations of testaro rules

Rule opFoc

Description: Operable element is not Tab-focusable

Count of instances: 4

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 13

Violations of aslint rules

Rule alt_color_convey_information

Description: Text alternative may fail to give information provided by colors

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 13

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_suspicious

Description: Image text alternative is suspicious

Count of instances: 1

Issue: invalid landmark child of navigation role

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 12

Violations of aslint rules

Rule navigation_landmark_restrictions

Description: Element with a navigation role contains a landmark other than region and search

Count of instances: 3

Issue: code invalid

Impact: Invalid code in the document may prevent a helper from working

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 12

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Element script must not have attribute async unless attribute src is also specified or unless attribute type is specified with value module.

Description: script element has an async attribute but has no src or value=module attribute

Count of instances: 1

Rule ^The element .+ must not appear as a descendant of the .+ element.*$

Description: Element has an invalid ancestor

Count of instances: 2

Rule The first child option element of a select element with a required attribute, and without a multiple attribute, and without a size attribute whose value is greater than 1, must have either an empty value attribute, or must have no text content. Consider either adding a placeholder option label, or adding a size attribute with a value equal to the number of option elements.

Description: option element has a nonempty value

Count of instances: 1

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 12

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 3

Issue: image alt long

Impact: Helper gives a user an overly verbose explanation of an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 12

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_long

Description: Long text alternative

Count of instances: 6

Issue: landmarks not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 9

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-unique

Description: Landmark has a role and an accessible name that are identical to another

Count of instances: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_landmark_name_unique

Description: Multiple landmarks with the same parent region are not distinguished from one another

Count of instances: 3

Issue: CSS invalid

Impact: Document cannot be properly displayed

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 9

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule CSS: Parse Error.

Description: Invalid CSS

Count of instances: 1

Rule ^CSS: .+: .+ is not a .+ value.*$

Description: Invalid value in CSS

Count of instances: 2

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 8

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r73

Description: Text line height is not at least 1.5

Count of instances: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 3

Issue: skip method possibly missing or invalid

Impact: Keyboard-only user may be unable easily to reach the specific content of the document

WCAG: 2.4.1

Score: 8

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r87

Description: First focusable element is not a link to the main content

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_link_element

Description: Element has no visible and accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.NoContent

Description: Link has an href attribute but not named

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_empty

Description: Link contains not named

Count of instances: 1

Issue: label reference invalid

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item in a form

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule label_inappropriate_associationM

Description: Element referenced by the for attribute is missing

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H44.NonExistentFragment

Description: Label for attribute references a nonexistent element

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule label_orphaned

Description: Orphaned form label

Count of instances: 2

Issue: aria attribute redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_attribute_redundant

Description: ARIA attribute is used when there is a corresponding HTML attribute

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Attribute aria-.+ is unnecessary for elements that have attribute .+$

Description: ARIA attribute is redundant with the synonymous native attribute

Count of instances: 8

Issue: parent invalid

Impact: User cannot properly operate an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 8

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ not allowed as child of element .+ in this context.*$

Description: Element has an invalid parent

Count of instances: 2

Issue: label referent ineligible

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item in a form

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 8

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The value of the for attribute of the label element must be the ID of a non-hidden form control.

Description: for attribute of the label element does not reference a non-hidden form control

Count of instances: 2

Issue: focusable element hidden

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R13

Description: Element with aria-hidden has focusable content

Count of instances: 2

Issue: autocomplete missing

Impact: User cannot get help entering personal information in a form

WCAG: 1.3.5

Score: 8

Violations of testaro rules

Rule autocomplete

Description: Name or email input is missing its required autocomplete attribute

Count of instances: 4

Issue: tab-opening link action possibly unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 5

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 5

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 6

Issue: role invalid

Impact: User cannot get help on the nature of an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 6

Violations of axe rules

Rule aria-allowed-role

Description: ARIA role is not appropriate for the element

Count of instances: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_contentinfo_misuse

Description: Element with a contentinfo role is present without an element with a main role

Count of instances: 1

Issue: banners not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 6

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_banner_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with a banner role have no unique labels

Count of instances: 2

Issue: navigations not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 6

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_navigation_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with the navigation role do not have unique labels

Count of instances: 2

Issue: section heading missing

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 5

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Section lacks heading. Consider using h2-h6 elements to add identifying headings to all sections, or else use a div element instead for any cases where no heading is needed.

Description: section has no heading

Count of instances: 5

Issue: heading heads nothing

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r78

Description: No content between two headings of the same level

Count of instances: 2

Issue: internal link broken

Impact: User cannot reach a promised document location

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule broken_same_page_link

Description: Same-page destination of the link does not exist

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.2_4_1.G1,G123,G124.NoSuchID

Description: Internal link references a nonexistent destination

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_internal_broken

Description: Broken same-page link

Count of instances: 1

Issue: control label invisible

Impact: User cannot understand how to operate a form item

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule label_visually_hidden_only

Description: Form control has a label but it is not visible

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 2

Issue: link element invalid

Impact: Document fails to get a needed external resource

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.2_4_8.H59.1

Description: Element is not in the document head

Count of instances: 1

Issue: role redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_role_redundant

Description: Explicitly assigned ARIA role is redundant with the implicit role of the element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^The .+ role is unnecessary for element .+$

Description: explicit role is redundant for its element

Count of instances: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule role

Description: Invalid, native-replacing, or redundant role

Count of instances: 4

Issue: no role-required name

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_accessiblename_exists

Description: Element has no accessible name, although its role requires one

Count of instances: 1

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 3

Issue: select not named

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a list of options

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.Select.Value

Description: Select element value has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Issue: element text content invalid

Impact: User may be unable to read all the document text

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^The text content of element .+ was not in the required format: Expected .+ but found .+ instead.*$

Description: Element has text content with invalid format

Count of instances: 1

Issue: hover indication poor

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hovInd

Description: Hovering is unclearly indicated

Count of instances: 1

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 3

Issue: link name dubious

Impact: User may misunderstand what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_with_unclear_purpose

Description: Element is a link but has vague or generic content

Count of instances: 2

Issue: banner child of landmark

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 2

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-banner-is-top-level

Description: banner landmark is contained in another landmark

Count of instances: 1

Issue: list unordered type dubious

Impact: User may be unable to get help on whether a list is ordered

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48.2

Description: Ordered list may fail to be coded as such

Count of instances: 2

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute for the style element is not needed and should be omitted.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a style element

Count of instances: 1

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 1

Issue: label location dubious

Impact: User may fail to notice the explanation of an item in a form

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T17

Description: label not positioned to maximize the predictability of the relationship

Count of instances: 2

Issue: tabindex positive

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot predict the navigation sequence

WCAG: 2.4.3

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule positive_tabindex

Description: Element has a positive tabIndex value

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule tabindex

Description: tabIndex value positive

Count of instances: 1

Issue: no default option

Impact: User may risk erroneously submitting a form

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule select_initial_option

Description: No option has been made the default with a selected attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: image dubiously marked decorative

Impact: Helper ignores an image that is apparently informative

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H67.2

Description: Image marked as decorative may be informative

Count of instances: 1

Issue: option groups possibly not marked

Impact: User may be unable to get help recognizing groups of options

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H85.2

Description: Selection list may contain groups of related options that are not grouped with optgroup

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: event possibly not keyboard-triggerable

Impact: Keyboard-only user may be unable to perform an action

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.2_1_1.G90

Description: Event handler functionality may not be available by keyboard

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T6

Description: Both keyboard and other device-specific functions are not used

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule event_handler

Description: Device-dependent event handler

Count of instances: 1

Issue: heading-like styles dubious

Impact: User may be unable to understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_possible

Description: Possible heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-capital text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 0

Violations of aslint rules

Rule capital_letters_words

Description: Element or its title has entirely upper-case words

Count of instances: 8