Accessibility digest

Synopsis
PageInternational Consortium of Investigative Journalists
URLhttps://www.icij.org/
Requesterpool@jpdev.pro
Test date2023/11/19
Score4479
Tested byTestaro, procedure ts37a
Scored byTestilo, procedure tsp38
Digested byTestilo, procedure tdp38
Derived fromFull report

Introduction

How accessible is the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists web page at https://www.icij.org/?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 4479, the sum of 540 for the count of issues, 2157 for specific issues, 1747 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 35 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Summary of issues
IssueWCAGScoreTools reporting the issue
target small2.5.5237testaro
text contrast poor1.4.3208alfa, axe, ibm, qualWeb, wave
link indication poor1.3.3190aslint, axe, testaro
link not named2.4.4180alfa, aslint, axe, htmlcs, ibm, qualWeb, wave
overflow possibly hidden1.4.4152qualWeb
svg image not named1.1.196aslint
figure not named1.1.196ibm
h1 not 1st heading1.3.193alfa
text contrast improvable1.4.693alfa, aslint, htmlcs, qualWeb
heading structure illogical1.3.178aslint, htmlcs
focus indication poor2.4.776testaro
heading heads nothing1.3.166alfa
heading level skipped1.3.160alfa, axe, wave
text and image link not combined2.4.458qualWeb, wave
links named identically2.4.452aslint, qualWeb, testaro
element beyond display when focused1.4.1048testaro
ID not unique4.1.140alfa, aslint, htmlcs, ibm, nuVal, qualWeb
button not named4.1.236alfa, aslint, axe, htmlcs, qualWeb, wave
line height low1.4.836testaro
nav links not list1.3.134htmlcs, qualWeb
large visible-element count2.431testaro
inconsistent heading, link, or button styles3.2.421testaro
image dubiously marked decorative1.1.118htmlcs
font size absolute1.4.412alfa, qualWeb
attribute invalid1.3.112nuVal
tab-opening link action possibly unstated3.2.511aslint, htmlcs, testaro
custom button possibly keyboard-inoperable2.1.19aslint
link destination not URL1.3.19aslint
role redundant4.1.29testaro
skip method possibly missing or invalid2.4.18alfa
legend missing4.1.28aslint, htmlcs, ibm, qualWeb, wave
control not named4.1.28ibm, wave
no role-required name4.1.28ibm
error reference invalid3.3.18qualWeb
group not named4.1.26htmlcs, ibm
hover indication poor3.3.26testaro
image dubiously named1.1.15aslint, qualWeb
list unordered type dubious1.3.15htmlcs
title attribute invalid1.3.14testaro
content beyond landmarks1.3.63alfa, axe, ibm
heading empty2.4.63alfa, aslint, axe, htmlcs, ibm, nuVal, qualWeb, wave
label empty1.3.13aslint, wave
text contrast issues not testable1.4.33htmlcs
code obsolete4.13ibm
link name dubious2.4.42aslint, wave
links dubiously share name2.4.42axe
type redundant1.3.12nuVal
autocomplete missing1.3.52testaro
z-index not zero1.42testaro
image alt long1.1.12wave
position sticky1.4.101aslint, htmlcs
label location dubious3.3.21qualWeb
hovering changes content3.2.51testaro
all-capital text3.1.50aslint, testaro

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 237

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 79

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 208

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 48

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 52

Violations of ibm rules

Rule text_contrast_sufficient

Description: Text has a contrast with its background less than the WCAG AA minimum for its size and weight

Count of instances: 45

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R37

Description: Text has less than the minimum contrast

Count of instances: 49

Violations of wave rules

Rule contrast

Description: Very low contrast

Count of instances: 46

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 190

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_not_visually_evident_without_color_vision

Description: Element is a link, but its style properties do not differentiate it from its parent

Count of instances: 25

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-in-text-block

Description: Element is not distinct from surrounding text without reliance on color

Count of instances: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 95

Issue: link not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 180

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r11

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 22

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_link_element

Description: Element has no visible and accessible name

Count of instances: 30

Rule img_empty_alt_in_link

Description: Element is an image in a link but has no text alternative

Count of instances: 15

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-name

Description: Link has no discernible text

Count of instances: 22

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H30.2

Description: img element is the only link content but has no text alternative

Count of instances: 4

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.A.NoContent

Description: Link has an href attribute but not named

Count of instances: 7

Violations of ibm rules

Rule a_text_purpose

Description: Hyperlink has no link text, label, or image with a text alternative

Count of instances: 22

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R12

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 26

Rule QW-WCAG-T21

Description: Accessible name is not provided for an image which is the only content in a link

Count of instances: 19

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_link_missing

Description: Linked image has no text alternative

Count of instances: 15

Rule link_empty

Description: Link contains not named

Count of instances: 15

Issue: overflow possibly hidden

Impact: User may be unable to enlarge the text for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 152

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R40

Description: Zoomed text node may be clipped by a CSS overflow declaration

Count of instances: 152

Issue: svg image not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 96

Violations of aslint rules

Rule accessible_svg

Description: Element has no title, description, text, attribute label, or role description

Count of instances: 24

Issue: figure not named

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a figure

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 96

Violations of ibm rules

Rule figure_label_exists

Description: figure element has no associated label

Count of instances: 24

Issue: h1 not 1st heading

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r61

Description: First heading is not h1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 93

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 48

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 34

Rule color_contrast_aaa7

Description: Text has contrast less than 7:1

Count of instances: 59

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Fail

Description: Text has insufficient contrast

Count of instances: 20

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 49

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 78

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 39

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 10

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 76

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 19

Issue: heading heads nothing

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 66

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r78

Description: No content between two headings of the same level

Count of instances: 33

Issue: heading level skipped

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 60

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r53

Description: Heading skips one or more levels

Count of instances: 30

Violations of axe rules

Rule heading-order

Description: Heading levels do not increase by only one

Count of instances: 30

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_skipped

Description: Skipped heading level

Count of instances: 30

Issue: text and image link not combined

Impact: Keyboard-only user expends extra effort to skip a link

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 58

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T10

Description: Adjacent image and text links for the same resource are not combined

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_redundant

Description: Adjacent links go to the same URL

Count of instances: 29

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 52

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 26

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R9

Description: Links with identical accessible names have different purposes

Count of instances: 9

Rule QW-ACT-R44

Description: Links with identical accessible names and context serve different purposes

Count of instances: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 12

Issue: element beyond display when focused

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 48

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focVis

Description: Element when focused is off the display

Count of instances: 16

Issue: ID not unique

Impact: User may be pointed to the wrong item

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 40

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r3

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule duplicated_id_attribute

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 6

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_1.F77

Description: Duplicate id attribute value

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_id_unique

Description: Element has an id attribute value that is already in use

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Duplicate ID .+$|^The first occurrence of ID .* was here.*$

Description: Duplicate id

Count of instances: 10

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R18

Description: id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 6

Issue: button not named

Impact: User cannot get help explaing a button

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 36

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r12

Description: Button has no accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_button_description

Description: Button has no visible accessible name

Count of instances: 9

Violations of axe rules

Rule button-name

Description: Button has no discernible text

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.Button.Name

Description: Button element has no accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R11

Description: Button has no accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule button_empty

Description: Button is empty or has no value text

Count of instances: 9

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 36

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 18

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 34

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48

Description: Navigation links are not coded as a list

Count of instances: 5

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 17

Issue: large visible-element count

Impact: User cannot easily find items in the document

WCAG: 2.4

Score: 31

Violations of testaro rules

Rule bulk

Description: Page contains many visible elements

Count of instances: 1

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 21

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 21

Issue: image dubiously marked decorative

Impact: Helper ignores an image that is apparently informative

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 18

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H67.2

Description: Image marked as decorative may be informative

Count of instances: 18

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 12

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r74

Description: Paragraph text has an absolute font size

Count of instances: 6

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T28

Description: Percent, em, or name is used for a font size

Count of instances: 2

Issue: attribute invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 12

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Attribute .+ is not serializable as XML 1\.0.*$

Description: Attribute is invalidly nonserializable

Count of instances: 1

Rule ^Attribute .+ not allowed on element .+ at this point.*$

Description: Attribute not allowed on this element

Count of instances: 2

Issue: tab-opening link action possibly unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 11

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 11

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 8

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 11

Issue: custom button possibly keyboard-inoperable

Impact: Custom item may prevent a keyboard-only user from operating it

WCAG: 2.1.1

Score: 9

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_button_space_key

Description: Element has a button role but may fail to be keyboard-operable

Count of instances: 9

Issue: link destination not URL

Impact: Helper cannot properly explain a link to a user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 9

Violations of aslint rules

Rule unclear_anchor_uri

Description: Link destination is #, a script, or empty

Count of instances: 9

Issue: role redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 9

Violations of testaro rules

Rule role

Description: Invalid, native-replacing, or redundant role

Count of instances: 9

Issue: skip method possibly missing or invalid

Impact: Keyboard-only user may be unable easily to reach the specific content of the document

WCAG: 2.4.1

Score: 8

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r87

Description: First focusable element is not a link to the main content

Count of instances: 1

Issue: legend missing

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a group of form items

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of aslint rules

Rule fieldset_no_legend

Description: First child element of the element is not a legend

Count of instances: 2

Rule legend_first_child_of_fieldset

Description: First child element of the element is not a legend

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H71.NoLegend

Description: Element has no legend element

Count of instances: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule fieldset_legend_valid

Description: Element has no legend element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T3

Description: Description for a group of form controls using fieldset and legend elements is not provided

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule legend_missing

Description: Element has no legend element

Count of instances: 2

Issue: control not named

Impact: User cannot get help on how to operate a form item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of ibm rules

Rule input_label_exists

Description: Element with the role of a form control has no associated label

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule label_missing

Description: form element has no label

Count of instances: 1

Issue: no role-required name

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an item

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 8

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_accessiblename_exists

Description: Element has no accessible name, although its role requires one

Count of instances: 2

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 8

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 2

Issue: group not named

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a group of form items

WCAG: 4.1.2

Score: 6

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_2.H91.Fieldset.Name

Description: Fieldset has no accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Violations of ibm rules

Rule fieldset_label_valid

Description: Group or fieldset has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Issue: hover indication poor

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 6

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hovInd

Description: Hovering is unclearly indicated

Count of instances: 2

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 5

Violations of aslint rules

Rule alt_color_convey_information

Description: Text alternative may fail to give information provided by colors

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 5

Issue: list unordered type dubious

Impact: User may be unable to get help on whether a list is ordered

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 5

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48.2

Description: Ordered list may fail to be coded as such

Count of instances: 5

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: content beyond landmarks

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 3

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r57

Description: Perceivable text content is not included in any landmark

Count of instances: 3

Violations of axe rules

Rule region

Description: Some page content is not contained by landmarks

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_content_in_landmark

Description: Content is not within a landmark element

Count of instances: 2

Issue: heading empty

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 2.4.6

Score: 3

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r64

Description: Heading has no non-empty accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_heading

Description: Element is a heading but is empty

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule empty-heading

Description: Heading empty

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H42.2

Description: Heading empty

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule heading_content_exists

Description: Heading element has no descriptive content

Count of instances: 1

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule Empty heading.

Description: Empty heading

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R35

Description: Heading has no accessible name

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_empty

Description: Empty heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: label empty

Impact: User cannot get help on the topics of form items

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 3

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_label_element

Description: Element has no content

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule label_empty

Description: Empty form label

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 1

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.BgImage

Description: Contrast between the text and its background image may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 1

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G18.BgImage

Description: Contrast between the text and the background image may be less than 4.5:1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: code obsolete

Impact: Document contains code that is no longer standard

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_attribute_deprecated

Description: Element or attribute is obsolete

Count of instances: 1

Issue: link name dubious

Impact: User may misunderstand what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule link_with_unclear_purpose

Description: Element is a link but has vague or generic content

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_suspicious

Description: Suspicious link text

Count of instances: 2

Issue: links dubiously share name

Impact: User may be unable to get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 2

Violations of axe rules

Rule identical-links-same-purpose

Description: Links with the same accessible name may serve dissimilar purposes

Count of instances: 2

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute for the style element is not needed and should be omitted.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a style element

Count of instances: 2

Issue: autocomplete missing

Impact: User cannot get help entering personal information in a form

WCAG: 1.3.5

Score: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule autocomplete

Description: Name or email input is missing its required autocomplete attribute

Count of instances: 1

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 2

Issue: image alt long

Impact: Helper gives a user an overly verbose explanation of an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_long

Description: Long text alternative

Count of instances: 1

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 1

Violations of aslint rules

Rule position_sticky

Description: Element has a sticky position

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 1

Issue: label location dubious

Impact: User may fail to notice the explanation of an item in a form

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T17

Description: label not positioned to maximize the predictability of the relationship

Count of instances: 1

Issue: hovering changes content

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hover

Description: Hovering changes the page content

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-capital text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 0

Violations of aslint rules

Rule capital_letters_words

Description: Element or its title has entirely upper-case words

Count of instances: 77

Violations of testaro rules

Rule allCaps

Description: Element has a text substring of at least 8 upper-case characters

Count of instances: 13