Accessibility digest

Introduction

How accessible is the Wikimedia Foundation web page at https://wikimediafoundation.org/?

This digest can help answer that question. Nine different tools (Alfa, ASLint, Axe, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Testaro, and WAVE) tested the page to check its compliance with their accessibility rules. In all, the tools define about 915 rules, which are classified here into about 300 accessibility issues.

The results were interpreted to yield a score, with 0 being ideal. The score for this page was 2646, the sum of 560 for the count of issues, 1658 for specific issues, 352 for tool-by-tool ratings, 0 for the page preventing tools from running, 76 for browser warnings, and 0 for delayed page responses.

Issue summary

Itemized issues

The reported rule violations are itemized below, issue by issue. Additional details can be inspected in the full report.

Issue: target small

Impact: User cannot reliably choose an item to click or tap

WCAG: 2.5.5

Score: 228

Violations of testaro rules

Rule targetSize

Description: Button, input, or non-inline link is smaller than 44 px wide and high

Count of instances: 76

Issue: overflow possibly hidden

Impact: User may be unable to enlarge the text for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 188

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R40

Description: Zoomed text node may be clipped by a CSS overflow declaration

Count of instances: 188

Issue: link indication poor

Impact: User cannot differentiate a link from plain text

WCAG: 1.3.3

Score: 158

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r62

Description: Inline link is not distinct from the surrounding text except by color

Count of instances: 10

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_not_visually_evident_without_color_vision

Description: Element is a link, but its style properties do not differentiate it from its parent

Count of instances: 28

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-in-text-block

Description: Element is not distinct from surrounding text without reliance on color

Count of instances: 11

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkUl

Description: Inline links are not underlined

Count of instances: 79

Issue: page language missing

Impact: Speaking helper may mispronounce the document text

WCAG: 3.1.1

Score: 124

Violations of wave rules

Rule language_missing

Description: Language missing or invalid

Count of instances: 1

Issue: focus indication poor

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot choose an item to operate

WCAG: 2.4.7

Score: 96

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focInd

Description: Focused element displays a nonstandard or no focus indicator

Count of instances: 24

Issue: h1 not 1st heading

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r61

Description: First heading is not h1

Count of instances: 1

Issue: h1 missing

Impact: User cannot understand the topic of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 93

Violations of aslint rules

Rule h1_must_be

Description: Page contains no h1 element

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule page-has-heading-one

Description: Document contains no level-one heading

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule h1_missing

Description: Missing first level heading

Count of instances: 1

Issue: ID not unique

Impact: User may be pointed to the wrong item

WCAG: 4.1.1

Score: 64

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r3

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 9

Violations of aslint rules

Rule duplicated_id_attribute

Description: Element id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 9

Violations of axe rules

Rule duplicate-id-aria

Description: id attribute used in ARIA or in a label has a value that is not unique

Count of instances: 1

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.4_1_1.F77

Description: Duplicate id attribute value

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule element_id_unique

Description: Element has an id attribute value that is already in use

Count of instances: 8

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Duplicate ID .+$|^The first occurrence of ID .* was here.*$

Description: Duplicate id

Count of instances: 16

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R18

Description: id attribute value is not unique

Count of instances: 11

Issue: page content moves spontaneously

Impact: Motion-sensitive user may suffer harm

WCAG: 2.2.2

Score: 62

Violations of testaro rules

Rule motion

Description: Change of visible content not requested by user

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text contrast poor

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 44

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r69

Description: Text outside widget has subminimum contrast

Count of instances: 3

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast

Count of instances: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R37

Description: Text has less than the minimum contrast

Count of instances: 11

Issue: links named identically

Impact: User cannot get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 40

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_same_content_different_url

Description: Links with the same text content have different destination URLs

Count of instances: 10

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R9

Description: Links with identical accessible names have different purposes

Count of instances: 9

Rule QW-ACT-R44

Description: Links with identical accessible names and context serve different purposes

Count of instances: 9

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkAmb

Description: Links with the same text content have different destinations

Count of instances: 20

Issue: text contrast improvable

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.6

Score: 35

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r66

Description: Text contrast less than AAA requires

Count of instances: 20

Violations of aslint rules

Rule color_contrast_aaa7

Description: Text has contrast less than 7:1

Count of instances: 22

Rule color_contrast_aaa

Description: Text contrast may be less than enhanced but the element is invisible

Count of instances: 13

Violations of axe rules

Rule color-contrast-enhanced

Description: Element has insufficient color contrast (Level AAA)

Count of instances: 18

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Fail

Description: Text has insufficient contrast

Count of instances: 16

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R76

Description: Text has less than the enhanced minimum contrast

Count of instances: 28

Issue: svg image not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 32

Violations of aslint rules

Rule accessible_svg

Description: Element has no title, description, text, attribute label, or role description

Count of instances: 8

Issue: large visible-element count

Impact: User cannot easily find items in the document

WCAG: 2.4

Score: 31

Violations of testaro rules

Rule bulk

Description: Page contains many visible elements

Count of instances: 1

Issue: line height low

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 28

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r73

Description: Text line height is not at least 1.5

Count of instances: 7

Violations of testaro rules

Rule lineHeight

Description: Text has a line height less than 1.5 times its font size

Count of instances: 14

Issue: tab-opening link action possibly unstated

Impact: Following a link opens a new window, possibly surprising a user

WCAG: 3.2.5

Score: 27

Violations of aslint rules

Rule links_new_window_mark

Description: Indicator that the link opens a new window or tab may be missing

Count of instances: 27

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_2_5.H83.3

Description: Link text may fail to indicate that the link will open in a new window

Count of instances: 19

Violations of testaro rules

Rule linkExt

Description: Link opens a new window or tab

Count of instances: 27

Issue: hover indication poor

Impact: User cannot explore the document reliably with a mouse

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 27

Violations of testaro rules

Rule hovInd

Description: Hovering is unclearly indicated

Count of instances: 9

Issue: image not named

Impact: User cannot get help to know what is in an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 20

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r2

Description: Image has no accessible name

Count of instances: 5

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_alt_attribute

Description: Image has no alt attribute

Count of instances: 5

Violations of axe rules

Rule image-alt

Description: Image has no text alternative

Count of instances: 5

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H37

Description: img element has no alt attribute

Count of instances: 5

Violations of ibm rules

Rule img_alt_valid

Description: Image has neither an alt attribute nor an ARIA label or title

Count of instances: 5

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule An img element must have an alt attribute, except under certain conditions. For details, consult guidance on providing text alternatives for images.

Description: img element has no alt attribute

Count of instances: 5

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R17

Description: Image has no accessible name

Count of instances: 5

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_missing

Description: Text alternative is missing

Count of instances: 5

Issue: attribute value invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 20

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Bad value .* for attribute .+ on element .+$

Description: Attribute on this element has an invalid value

Count of instances: 5

Issue: image dubiously named

Impact: Helper may describe an image inadequately

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 17

Violations of aslint rules

Rule alt_color_convey_information

Description: Text alternative may fail to give information provided by colors

Count of instances: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T8

Description: Text alternative is not an alternative

Count of instances: 17

Issue: link not named

Impact: User cannot get help understanding what a link points to

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 16

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r11

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule empty_link_element

Description: Element has no visible and accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Rule img_empty_alt_in_link

Description: Element is an image in a link but has no text alternative

Count of instances: 2

Violations of axe rules

Rule link-name

Description: Link has no discernible text

Count of instances: 2

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H30.2

Description: img element is the only link content but has no text alternative

Count of instances: 2

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R12

Description: Link has no accessible name

Count of instances: 2

Rule QW-WCAG-T21

Description: Accessible name is not provided for an image which is the only content in a link

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_link_missing

Description: Linked image has no text alternative

Count of instances: 2

Issue: font size absolute

Impact: User cannot adjust the text size for readability

WCAG: 1.4.4

Score: 16

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r74

Description: Paragraph text has an absolute font size

Count of instances: 8

Issue: navigations not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 15

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_navigation_label_unique

Description: Multiple elements with the navigation role do not have unique labels

Count of instances: 5

Issue: nav links not list

Impact: User cannot get help recognizing a list of navigation links

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 14

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H48

Description: Navigation links are not coded as a list

Count of instances: 4

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T32

Description: ol, ul or dl is not used for a list or group of links

Count of instances: 7

Issue: inconsistent heading, link, or button styles

Impact: User cannot easily distinguish items of different types

WCAG: 3.2.4

Score: 14

Violations of testaro rules

Rule styleDiff

Description: Heading, link, and button style inconsistencies

Count of instances: 14

Issue: landmarks not distinctly named

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 12

Violations of axe rules

Rule landmark-unique

Description: Landmark has a role and an accessible name that are identical to another

Count of instances: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_landmark_name_unique

Description: Multiple landmarks with the same parent region are not distinguished from one another

Count of instances: 4

Issue: figure not named

Impact: User cannot get help on the topic of a figure

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 12

Violations of ibm rules

Rule figure_label_exists

Description: figure element has no associated label

Count of instances: 3

Issue: title attribute invalid

Impact: User cannot hover to get help explaining an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 12

Violations of testaro rules

Rule titledEl

Description: title attribute belongs to an inappropriate element

Count of instances: 3

Issue: heading structure illogical

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 10

Violations of aslint rules

Rule headings_hierarchy

Description: Heading level is illogical in its context

Count of instances: 5

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1_AAA.G141

Description: Heading level is incorrect

Count of instances: 3

Issue: heading-like styles dubious

Impact: User may be unable to understand the topic of a part of the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 10

Violations of axe rules

Rule p-as-heading

Description: Styled p element may be misused as a heading

Count of instances: 7

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_3_1.H42

Description: Heading coding is not used but the element may be intended as a heading

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_possible

Description: Possible heading

Count of instances: 10

Issue: type redundant

Impact: Document includes unnecessary code

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 10

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule The type attribute is unnecessary for JavaScript resources.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a JavaScript resource

Count of instances: 9

Rule The type attribute for the style element is not needed and should be omitted.

Description: type attribute is unnecessary for a style element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: tabindex redundant

Impact: Revision risks interfering with navigation by a keyboard-only user

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 9

Violations of aslint rules

Rule misused_tabindex_attribute

Description: Element has an implicit tabIndex value 0, but also has a tabindex attribute

Count of instances: 9

Issue: attribute invalid

Impact: Item behaves improperly

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 8

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Attribute .+ not allowed on element .+ at this point.*$

Description: Attribute not allowed on this element

Count of instances: 2

Issue: error reference invalid

Impact: User cannot correct a form error

WCAG: 3.3.1

Score: 8

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-ACT-R41

Description: Error message describes no invalid form field value

Count of instances: 2

Issue: font small

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 6

Violations of aslint rules

Rule minimum_font_size

Description: Font size is smaller than 10 pixels

Count of instances: 2

Violations of wave rules

Rule text_small

Description: Text is very small

Count of instances: 2

Issue: text contrast issues not testable

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.3

Score: 6

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.Abs

Description: Contrast between the absolutely positioned text and its background may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 2

Rule AAA.1_4_6.G17.BgImage

Description: Contrast between the text and its background image may be less than 7:1

Count of instances: 4

Issue: text and image link not combined

Impact: Keyboard-only user expends extra effort to skip a link

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 6

Violations of wave rules

Rule link_redundant

Description: Adjacent links go to the same URL

Count of instances: 3

Issue: CSS bans rotation

Impact: User must read sideways after rotating a device

WCAG: 1.3.4

Score: 4

Violations of aslint rules

Rule orientation

Description: CSS media query specifies an orientation

Count of instances: 1

Issue: links dubiously share name

Impact: User may be unable to get help differentiating links

WCAG: 2.4.4

Score: 4

Violations of axe rules

Rule identical-links-same-purpose

Description: Links with the same accessible name may serve dissimilar purposes

Count of instances: 4

Issue: element language invalid

Impact: Speaking helper may mispronounce the text of an item

WCAG: 3.1.2

Score: 4

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.3_1_2.H58.1.Lang

Description: Language specified in the lang attribute of the element does not appear to be well-formed

Count of instances: 1

Issue: parent invalid

Impact: User cannot properly operate an item

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 4

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^Element .+ not allowed as child of element .+ in this context.*$

Description: Element has an invalid parent

Count of instances: 1

Issue: animation long or repetitive

Impact: Motion-sensitive user may suffer harm

WCAG: 2.2.2

Score: 3

Violations of aslint rules

Rule animationD

Description: Animation lasts more than 5 seconds

Count of instances: 1

Issue: image dubiously marked decorative

Impact: Helper ignores an image that is apparently informative

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_1_1.H67.2

Description: Image marked as decorative may be informative

Count of instances: 3

Issue: position sticky

Impact: User may be unable to see needed content or may be forced to scroll in both dimensions

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 3

Violations of htmlcs rules

Rule AAA.1_4_10.C32,C31,C33,C38,SCR34,G206

Description: Fixed-position element may force bidirectional scrolling

Count of instances: 3

Issue: CSS invalid

Impact: Document cannot be properly displayed

WCAG: 4.1

Score: 3

Violations of nuVal rules

Rule ^CSS: .+: .+ is not a .+ value.*$

Description: Invalid value in CSS

Count of instances: 1

Issue: element beyond display when focused

Impact: Keyboard-only user cannot navigate properly to the operable items

WCAG: 1.4.10

Score: 3

Violations of testaro rules

Rule focVis

Description: Element when focused is off the display

Count of instances: 1

Issue: image name redundant

Impact: Helper repeats the explanation of an image

WCAG: 1.1.1

Score: 3

Violations of wave rules

Rule alt_redundant

Description: Redundant text alternative

Count of instances: 3

Issue: heading level skipped

Impact: Helper misdescribes the document

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of alfa rules

Rule r53

Description: Heading skips one or more levels

Count of instances: 1

Violations of axe rules

Rule heading-order

Description: Heading levels do not increase by only one

Count of instances: 1

Violations of wave rules

Rule heading_skipped

Description: Skipped heading level

Count of instances: 1

Issue: fieldset possibly missing

Impact: User may be unable to get help recognizing a group of related form items

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule group_elements_name_attribute

Description: Element is an input with a name attribute but has no fieldset parent

Count of instances: 2

Issue: labeling risky

Impact: User may misunderstand a form control

WCAG: 3.3.2

Score: 2

Violations of aslint rules

Rule missing_labelN

Description: Element has an id attribute but no explicit label references it

Count of instances: 2

Issue: double br use dubious

Impact: User may be unable to get help to fully understand the text

WCAG: 1.3.1

Score: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule pseudoP

Description: Element contains sequential br elements instead of p

Count of instances: 2

Issue: z-index not zero

Impact: User cannot predict the effect of clicking

WCAG: 1.4

Score: 2

Violations of testaro rules

Rule zIndex

Description: Element has a nondefault z-index value

Count of instances: 2

Issue: content beyond landmarks

Impact: User cannot get help on how some of the document is organized

WCAG: 1.3.6

Score: 1

Violations of ibm rules

Rule aria_content_in_landmark

Description: Content is not within a landmark element

Count of instances: 1

Issue: justification possibly undefined

Impact: Text may be difficult to read

WCAG: 1.4.8

Score: 1

Violations of qualWeb rules

Rule QW-WCAG-T29

Description: Alignment either to the left or right is not specified in CSS

Count of instances: 1

Issue: text distortion

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 1

Violations of testaro rules

Rule distortion

Description: Element text is distorted by a transform style property

Count of instances: 1

Issue: all-capital text

Impact: Text is difficult to read

WCAG: 3.1.5

Score: 0

Violations of aslint rules

Rule capital_letters_words

Description: Element or its title has entirely upper-case words

Count of instances: 7

Violations of testaro rules

Rule allCaps

Description: Element has a text substring of at least 8 upper-case characters

Count of instances: 1